Daily Report: Day 3

SOHCUM

Day 3 saw a flurry of activity with 3 resolutions passing and 1 resolution getting rejected. An ambitious attempt was made asking countries to use Universal Basic Income (UBI) as a means to mitigate the harmful effects of the future of work. This resolution “What it do UBI?” though appreciated by nations, was ultimately rejected as too ambitious. The other resolutions tried a more conventional approach, each complementing the other. A new agency was created, tasked with equipping workers with the skills they required for the 4th industrial revolution. The resolutions also called for workers, who have lost their jobs due to automation and climate change, to be compensated through social welfare. Other proposals that passed included an international database with information on the state of the global job market, thus reducing recruitment costs for employers and employees. Delegates came out beaming, happy to have made new friends and new memories. 

By: Paras Kapoor

SPECPOL

The committee successfully reached a compromise on reforming foreign aid. The first resolution “Developing Development” aimed to build the institutional capacity of SPECPOL. It established a number of bodies to resolve how best foreign aid can be deployed.  It also suggested a bigger vote share for SPECPOL countries in the IMF. The second working paper RESURRECT encouraged developed countries to double their percentage of GDP contribution towards foreign aid to 1.4%. The third resolution BASE (Best Aid Solution Ever) aimed to develop a regulatory framework for foreign aid. An emphasis was placed on preventing abuse of foreign aid. The regulatory regime established in addition to this an inspection regime as well as an advisory body made to detect malign intentions behind foreign aid. The delegates had a fun time, with many eager to return back next year to try their hand again at solving the world’s biggest problems.

By: Paras Kapoor

WHO

The delegation of Mali brought up the topic of the provision of healthcare to refugees as they were concerned that efforts to provide healthcare would detract from healthcare for countries’ own citizens. Mali explained that this would be particularly detrimental to countries who do not already have a robust healthcare system; for instance, the delegation of Sierra Leone stated that they did not have a well-established healthcare system and cannot afford to take in refugees. However, Sierra Leone was supportive of aiding refugees and suggested more NGO involvement to facilitate this. The UK suggested implementing a health keepers committee funded by the World Health Organization. This committee would be dedicated to providing care in areas of need. Cuba was another proponent for humanitarian aid and emphasized their past efforts to provide aid despite their own economic issues. The delegates worked on amendments to resolutions 1.2 and 1.3, which were passed earlier, to specify how refugees fit into the framework of UHC.

By: Hannah Nie

ACHPR

In committee session V, the ACHPR passed the working paper on expanding the African Monetary Fund to support nations undergoing regime change, as well as the working paper headed by Botswana on judicial measures and NGO involvement to protect human rights during regime changes. A similar paper by Somalia and South Africa failed by a narrow vote, mainly due to disagreements over a clause which proposed ending excessive force towards peaceful protestors. Two working papers regarding human rights in the resource extraction sector were passed in committee sessions VI and VII. One paper focused on transparency in budgets and worker’s rights, including labour protection and safety measures. The second paper aimed to improve developments in the resource extraction sector, through clauses such as investment in the African Development Bank to fund infrastructure expenses, implementing export taxes to increase revenue, and establishing coalitions for mining states.

By: Hannah Nie

Constituent Assembly of Russia

After having resolved their topics of federalism and human rights in the previous two days, as well as established liberal and gay rights, the members of the Constituent Assembly of Russia were left to deal with case studies in order to put their established system to the test. The day began with Boris Pugo of the CPSU addressing the assembly justifying the imprisonment of oligarch Blavatnik and his placement in solitary confinement. They further had to deal with the case of theft of high-tech hospital equipment. After Romania legalized marijuana, and several people within the Russian Federation were detained for smoking the drug, the committee then tried to legalize marijuana, the debate for which began at 4:20. The day ended with Gazprom and the Constitutional Democratic Party being put on trial and later convicted of and imprisoned for an assassination attempt on the Grand Duke of Yeltsin’s Cabinet, and conspiracy to steal gas. The Constitutional Democratic Party and Gazprom then managed to escape prison but Gazprom was killed during the getaway. 

By: Radmila Yarovaya

CPSU

The CPSU started the day with proposals to infiltrate Ukraine with the secret police or KGB in order to gain information. After being assured that Ukraine was entirely communist, the committee dealt with the COC and their stash of money as well as the imminent threat posed by Yeltsin’s Cabinet. The merits of assassination were discussed with Sergey Akhromeyev calling the committee hypocrites, murderers, and un Soviet for pushing for human rights as he called for assassination. The atmosphere within the committee was further complicated following the election of Dick Cheney as the US president as he called for the dissolution of the union forcing delegates to consider the reinstatement of Glasnost. Gorbachev proceeded to take a meeting with Cheney further losing the confidence of his party. The party then proceeded to obliterate Cabinet forces after it declared an independent Russia as they tried to take control both of Volga oil fields and Kremlin. Gorbachev was forced to step down as Secretary General and Ligachyev was instituted as the new head of the party. The committee was then left to deal with Siberian separatists and Easter European Soviet loyalists who were launching terror attacks. The communists made their peace with the US, leaving eastern states to their sovereignty and maintaining their troops in Western Germany in return for the US removing its troops from Estonia and Azerbaijan and recognizing the sovereignty of the Soviet Union and Soviet Stan. The day ended with the CPSU retaining control of East Siberia, after COC’s ABBA party won the election.  

By: Radmila Yarovaya

Chamber of Commerce

The COC began their day storing $9 billion of their assets in a vault to prevent government seizure. After deciding to support Yeltsin’s Cabinet, the committee dealt with dissenters in their midst as Rotenberg and Berezovsky publicly renounced the COC for selling arms to the Cabinet and potentially harming civilians; furthermore, the duo was trying to get positions in both the CPSU and Yeltsin’s Cabinet. Disillusioned with Yeltsin’s’ Cabinet, delegates decided to form their own political party - Agency of Bankers and Business Associates, or ABBA. The oligarchs then had to deal with a series of setbacks as their invasion of Azerbaijan and Sovietstan was crushed by the CPSU. A policy of scorched earth was then decided upon to deal with the seizure of potatoes. Options of where to go into hiding were then discussed. The day ended with Sovietstan assassinating ABBA leader Arkady Rotenberg which was quickly followed by the party’s victory in the election. Thus concluded the year 1995. 

By: Radmila Yarovaya

Yeltsin's Cabinet

A referendum was held to gauge the people's support for Russia’s succession from the USSR. The results of 62% in favour and 38% against were met with cheers of support from the public. A declaration of independence was passed, declaring the formation of the Democratic Republic of Russia (DRR) and calling for the creation of a new constitution. News of an invasion in Azerbaijan by a division of American troops spurred debate about the need for defence and partnerships with the US and UK. Titov, Korzhakov, and Orlov were proponents for more extensive defence measures and alliances with the US and UK. Several delegates questioned the US’s intentions - Kirillovich pointed out the US’s failed attempts to remove the communist government of Vietnam. Ultimately, a peace agreement between the newly formed DRR and the USA and Great Britain was passed. The cabinet also passed a directive to send defensive troops to the Ukrainian border for protection in the event of an attack from the USSR and to allocate 35% of the budget to defence. The delegates disagreed about how to handle the violent bombings committed by Siberian separatists who were dissatisfied with both the Russian cabinet and the communist government. The ruling coalition supported military action against the separatists, but other delegates argued that this approach was oppressive and reflective of the communist government that the cabinet had been trying to remove. Additionally, Sakharov and Orlov's children were kidnapped, and it was later revealed that one of the cabinet members had funded the kidnapping, creating rifts in the cabinet.

By: Joy Fan

The Coalition for Independent States

The committee went to war and successfully won. Surprisingly, they defeated the Chamber of Commerce and conquered Russia. All states emerged as independent nations, albeit some more successful than others. Ukraine was dismembered with Western Ukraine being occupied by NATO after a Romanian invasion and the president of Ukraine being assassinated. Russia is under the joint occupation of the red army, the Chinese, and troops from the coalition of independent states. This remains a source of future conflict.  Lithuania became a model of social democracy through its efforts to provide universal health care, education, and promote female empowerment. Many countries aim to now emulate it. It wasn’t all serious, with delegates passing a resolution for the music they will prefer every time a crisis update comes through. The delegates finished the session with an informal discussion on their respective game plans, ranging from the devilish to cunning. It was a great end to a successful and fun 3-day committee session.

By: Paras Kapoor

Coalition for Revolutionary Reform

The Coalition of Revolutionary Reform experienced another shuffle, seeing the entrance and defection of many delegates. Furthermore, the Coalition agreed to rename themselves to the Provisional Congress of Mexico. The Congress managed to finally pass a constitution today, though economic provisions were rejected. Internal debates of presidential candidacy strike a divide between the Congress due to the looming upcoming elections. Madero is declared president after the election, and Huerta, having received the second most votes, is declared Vice President. Diaz is given the position of Deputy to the President. A Bill of Rights, including indigenous land rights, was passed, though not unanimously. Triggered from the declaration of war from the United States on the Republic of Mexico, and Germany's declaration of war on the United States and France, the Congress declared war on Germany in support of its allies, effectively throwing them into WWI. Madero loses an election well into the future, and Mexico becomes relatively leftist. The Americans hold more involvement in holding Zone 1 as a protectionist zone. Quasi-states arise, which are heavily capitalist and unequal. Agrarian revolts continue in the country.

By: Joy Fan

Conference for Law & Order 

Alvaro Oregon, Juan J. Navarro Baez, and Francisco Cardenas initiated a Coup and formed their government with officials from the rebellious groups and foreign ambassadors, declaring their state: Republic of Mexico.

The Advisors passed two directives effectively. The first: WW1, installing a doctrine for the military, developing spy plans and utilizing military graduates against the rebels. The second: sending a message to the Americans regarding their ambassador’s communistic influences in the Republic of Mexico. 

An update involved the opposing party to join the allies and declared an attack on Germany. Another directive passed stating all Mexicans residing in America to resist utilizing their full resources and spread propaganda against the Americans. The directive “Defend Mexico City” was passed, stating the usage of the German loan to raise troops as well as arms and weapons would be supplied by the Germans. Further utilization of propaganda against the Americans was initiated.

By: Mustafa Master

Frankophone

As the War in Iraq escalated, tensions in France increased. Mitterrand’s ailing health, combined with Prime Minister Rocard’s lax response to the crisis led to an internal coup where four internal advisors formed a new executive council to lead France during the state of emergency. However, the council did little to stop the war, and only worsened France’s relations with its neighbours and the United States. Eventually, its European allies, led by Germany, publicly denounced France and threatened more severe action. After some secret-operation shenanigans, the crisis was solved by readmitting Rocard and taking up a more moderate tone. Now, as Mitterrand is still in bad health, France is ruled by a special council known as “the Big Five”.

By: Daniel Feijo

ICJ 

The ICJ committee commenced with the judges questioning and discussing Japan’s expert witness, regarding the scientific need for JARPA II. The advocates from Australia and Japan conveyed their stances in their closing statements, accusing one another. Australia mentioned Japan’s unethical methods, use of lethal research, and the gaps and lack of clarity by Japan’s expert, insinuating Japan’s guilt. Japan mentioned statistical evidence and supported their stance on the scientific need for JARPA II, and non-commercial intentions. Moreover, mentioning the need for lethal research for population and ecosystem modelling. Although they stated that they were legally allowed to commercialize whales, they adhered to their ethical obligations. The judges engaged in a constructed debate regarding whether Japan’s intentions were commercial, Australia’s reason to dispute JARPA II as a program, and the scientific merit of the program. The need for lethal research and the scientific merit of JARPA will play crucial to prove the degree to which Japan is guilty.

By: Mustafa Master

Ad Hoc

The anticipated and secretive topic for Ad Hoc this year was the Paraguayan War between four countries: Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay against Paraguay. Uruguay was in the midst of a civil war between the President and its military leader. Eventually, because of the threat that Paraguay and Uruguay posed against all countries, they chose to hash out their differences and become one unit. Colonial boundaries were not set in stone and border issues persisted in current political affairs. Argentina, currently facing internal turmoil, has a series of elections that could be swayed either way, and many assassination attempts were taken by the other two regional powers to maintain dominance within the region. There was an assassination attempt on President Buerro of Uruguay by Bartholomew Mitre from Argentina. Mitre became president and began an invasion of Uruguay. There are two assassination attempts against President Mitre, though he miraculously survives. There is a public directive to take Mitre to court in Argentina, to be tried by a Uruguayan and Brazilian judge, for his attempt to assassinate former president Buerro. The trial verdict declares Mitre not guilty; however, a third assassination attempt is successful, and Mitre is killed. Several military actions are taken by the four powers in the region, in the end all members reveal their nefarious plots to kill each other resulting in military and social chaos. 

By: Ramsha Rehan

British House of Commons

The British parliament passed a directive, titled ‘Open Arms’ to allow EU citizens to get visas to visit and work in the U.K., though there was resistance from the Democratic Unionist Party, who maintained that such an action would return Britain to pre-Brexit situation. The House also created trade deals with South Africa and India There were several corruption allegations against Democratic Unionist MP, Sammy Wilson, regarding bribes with the mafia, and so he was killed. However, he reappeared, alive and in good health, in China. The House holds a séance to try and determine what happened to him and what exactly happened. The House also had the British Queen challenge Emmanuel Macron to a duel, which she later wins, in exchange for various portions of France which used to belong to England. 

By: Ramsha Rehan

UNSC: South China Sea

The UNSC passed a law to create frameworks to improve bilateral negotiations of disputed areas. They also put several bilateral negotiations into motion, involving deals between China-Vietnam, Australia-Indonesia, and Malaysia-Brunei. The China-Vietnam agreement concerning the disputed territory of the Paracel Islands was the most successful, as it required both nations to recognize one another’s territory in the Islands. The case of the Dutch invasion of Indonesia is referred to the ICJ, and member nations are called on as witnesses to determine whether the Netherlands should be held criminally responsible. The Dutch maintain they entered Indonesia with the purpose of implementing democratic government in the country and did not intend on occupying the country for an excessive period of time. The ICJ found that the Netherlands was not guilty of war crimes. 

By: Ramsha Rehan

Daily Report: Day 2

SOHCUM

The SOHCUM had an extremely productive session today, resulting in the passing of three resolutions. The range and diversity of the issues tackled was refreshing as well as ambitious. The resolution POOP (People of Our Planet) called for an adjustment of the orientation of the IMF and World Bank in an attempt to make it fairer and less economically exploitative. The resolution “MONGOOSE”, meanwhile, argued for nations in their individual capacity to launch an advertising campaign educating the population on the benefits of immigrants and democracy. The most ambitious resolution was “The UN Stupid”. It called for large scale economic restructuring to better orient the economy to benefit individuals. The resolution also called for the establishment of uniform legislation and tax rates for Multinational Corporations in all countries. It also offered nations help in assimilating and controlling the flow of immigration, adding to the resolution MONGOOSE.

By: Paras Kapoor

SPECPOL

It was a busy day for SPECPOL, with two ambitious and wide-ranging resolutions being passed today. The first resolution SPEARIT (Southern Pacific Eastern Asia and Allied Regions International Trade), formed SPECPOL into a unitary trading block that will negotiate together in trading deals. It also called among other things for greater representation in WTO, increasing export competitiveness, and a focus on targeting climate change through economic policies. The second resolution CONCEPT (Coalitions of Nations Crushing Exploitative Protective Trade), passed with 14 ayes and 9 nays. The resolution reaffirmed SPECPOL’s commitment to the rules of international trade and WTO, by building a system of tariffs to punish those who break international trading rules. The committee was neatly divided on both resolutions, with developed countries opposed and developing countries expressing great support. The committee started a discussion on foreign aid, with more developments expected on this issue tomorrow.

By: Paras Kapoor

WHO

Three position papers have been drafted on the topic of implementing universal health coverage. Working paper 1.3 had a unique focus on the development of and investment in health technology, as a way to advance healthcare in both developed and developing countries. Canada, a sponsor of this working paper, explained that while the development of specific technology is mainly a domestic concern, the paper states intentions to transition towards better healthcare technologies in general. Developed countries with the means to experiment with new technologies can pave the way, and proven methods can be adapted to be used in developing countries. The two other papers differed in their stances on public versus private healthcare. The UK, US, and other delegates supported the implementation of a mix between private and public healthcare. However, several delegates of developing countries disagreed with the implementation of private healthcare.

By: Hannah Nie

ACHPR

Delegates discussed ways to protect human rights during regime changes in Africa. The debate between economic versus politically centered solutions continued, and three position papers have been drafted. One position paper, sponsored by Somalia and South Africa, proposed the expansion of the African Court of Justice to collaborate with the international criminal court. The protection of women's rights is a particular focus of this paper. Additionally, the paper proposed greater collaboration between NGOs and governments to ensure the protection of human rights and aid provision during regime changes. Botswana, Sudan, and Mali sponsored a paper with similar suggestions, but had differences in infrastructure, for instance, from the structures the court reforms proposed. Angola led a position paper proposing the creation of a new branch of the African Monetary Fund to provide aid to nations undergoing regime change or facing human rights violations due to economic hardship. 

By: Hannah Nie

Constituent Assembly of Russia

One of the most productive committees in the conference began its day with the passing of 4 resolutions within the first committee session in which a more stable structure was established for the Russian Federation, partly through the implementation of a more efficient taxation system. Following this, the Members of the Assembly rejected a proposal for the return of the Romanovs and moved on to the topic of Human Rights. The delegates worked together in a cohesive manner to introduce directives protecting citizens from discrimination and releasing individuals incarcerated for human rights-related offenses. The committee worked to solve the problem caused by the leaked information that a prisoner, Mikhail Eliatovskiy, was being mistreated in a Russian prison.

By: Radmila Yarovaya

CPSU

The CPSU spent the day dealing with the succession of various republics as well as the growing influence of the oligarchs of the COC and Yeltsin’s Cabinet. After bringing Ukraine back into the Soviet fold, the delegates proceeded to freeze the oligarch’s assets. The rest of the day was spent preparing for a potential election by campaigning in various regions to try to bring them to the Communist Party’s side as opposed to that of Yeltsin’s Cabinet. Proposals to assassinate Yeltsin, either themselves or by influencing his Cabinet members was circulated. Later, the party received an encrypted radio message from a mysterious “cosmonaut” of Yeltsin’s Cabinet, wishing to defect. The day ended with the indictment of Lev Blavanik by Minister of Internal Affairs Boris Pugo.

By: Radmila Yarovaya

Chamber of Commerce

The COC began the day with a bang with the added support of the Russian people as gratitude for providing them with food during the famine in face of the CPSU’s inaction. For the rest of the sessions, the committee was dealing with their potential alignment with Yeltsin’s Cabinet and the backlash of the Communist Party that that would bring. Boris Berezovsky and Arkady Rotenberg were compromised and accused of communist involvement. Rotenberg further lost the confidence of his committee through his unsanctioned involvement with Yeltsin’s Cabinet. The day ended with the indictment and arrest of Lev Blavatnik by the CPSU for the illegal manufacture and sale of weaponry to Yeltsin’s Cabinet. 

By: Radmila Yarovaya

Yeltsin's Cabinet

Yeltsin's cabinet has passed directives to provide food aid and invest in better technology in various regions in Russia. These have improved the cabinet's image and doubled its annual income from 50 to 100 billion dollars. A budget for the allocation of tax revenue to different departments was drafted and passed. The delegates also debated approaches to taxation and legitimization of the cabinet. Ubozhko proposed the establishment of local tax collection buildings with police presence to establish the government's image and establish authority. Prime Minister Titov proposed the formation of a military force to defend the cabinet's efforts toward independence from the USSR. Other delegates disagreed with forceful military-based approaches to independence and feared that greater military presence would result in distrust from the public.

By: Joy Fan

The Coalition for Independent States

The coalition witnessed explosive developments, resulting in the adoption of 4 resolutions today. The resolutions centered on affirming the sovereignty of all nations in the coalition, as well as trying to establish satisfactory economic relations. The most significant resolutions were “We are Strong Independent States” and “Help the Ukraine Please”. The former was a recognition of the independence by each nation by all members of the committee, while the latter aimed to send troops as well as aid to Ukraine. This was in addition to Ukraine becoming a member of NATO, along with a few other nations like Uzbekistan. The other nations either allied into a defense pact with China or aimed to reach an agreement on defense with Arab partners. The coalition was again faced with food shortages, which they successfully resolved. Two minor resolutions “Mo Money less Problems” as well as “Made in China” passed. The former sought to seek an economic relationship with Yelstin’s cabinet in return for acceptance of these countries’ independence, while the latter requested China to recognize the independence of states in the coalition.

By: Paras Kapoor

Coalition for Revolutionary Reform

The Coalition moves to establish further military dominance in Mexico. Heinrich von Eckdart defects over to the revolution’s side, providing financial assistance and arms supplies. Discussions move towards establishing a constitution and determining a capital. The Coalition makes a press release looking to gain Pan-American support from Latin American countries from the ABC meeting, which Madero and Palefox were in attendance. Conflicts of trust riddle the discourse as Pancho Villa reveals that there may be a traitor in their midst, and Eckdart comes under scrutiny for his trustworthiness. The revolutionary reform continues to discuss how to respond to the occupation of foreign troops in Mexico.

By: Joy Fan

Conference for Law & Order 

The Advisors passed directive ‘Viva Mexico’ regarding the regain of Mexico, starting a military campaign through the mobilization of troops, acquiring resources, and calling in all allies to end the dispute with the rebellions. A crisis update occurred whereby the government salvaged 25,000 troops losing only 5,000, while the rebels lost 12,000 troops. Although the lower half of Mexico was lost, Mexico City remains strong. Discussions led to utilizing propaganda to resolve the conflicts occurring with the rebels. 

An update states that President Diaz and the Vice-President are missing, with kidnapping accusations directed at the rebels. A crisis update brings about a ceasefire in Zone 3 of Mexico City, and the rebels are no longer negotiating. A directive on elections is passed, instating Victoriano Huerta as the acting president, granting a 6-month window for elections, and further propaganda implementation. A crisis update occurred whereby 20,000 American troops will be deployed in Zone 1 against the rebellious groups.

By: Mustafa Master

Frankophone

After spearheading the European Economic Community’s efforts at reintegrating East Germany economically and diplomatically into Western Europe, François Mitterrand and his advisors faced domestic challenges in France when they decided to tax the Catholic Church. After popular support sided with the Vatican, the government lifted the taxes and allowed the Church to control some of its social services. Later, they sought to define France’s new nuclear energy policy to boost its economy. However, the main event for Mitterrand’s advisory committee these past few months (that is, yesterday) was certainly the outbreak of war in Kuwait, which has dragged France and its allies into a coalition led by G.H.W. Bush into a prolonged war with Iraq. This has created deep divisions between Mitterrand’s closest advisors and led France to declare a state of emergency. Will this be a repeat of the 1968 Algerian War?

By: Daniel Feijo

ICJ 

The ICJ committee session commenced with advocates’ direct and cross-examination of witnesses from both representatives. The judges discussed the examination of Dr. Gales, with regards to the necessity of lethal research, including satellite targeting and photographic verification. Further discussions occurred on alternative research methods and better usage of by-products from the JARPA program. A special focus was brought to evidence A10, Japan’s maximum target allowance vs actual capture statistics by the judges. The judges discussed the examination of Dr. Mangles, with regards to revised management procedures for whale stocks in the Southern Ocean. The theme of the legality of lethal research and the necessity for the existence of JARPA with regards to scientific research prevailed throughout the session. 

By: Mustafa Master

Ad Hoc

Who knows?

British House of Commons

The day began with a crisis update that indicates that there has been an outbreak of an unknown disease, spreading across the U.K.; there have been 4 reported deaths and 1000 infected individuals. The NHS is weaker than before Brexit, and there is a shortage of resources and doctors. Doctors cannot be brought in from the EU because of Brexit, which now requires doctors to get visas. Parties agree to report the situation to the WHO. There is also an existing 33 billion-pound (GBP) debt payment. The Democratic Unionist Party proposes the selling of gold for cash, in order to both pay for the debt and fund resources and doctors for the containment of the disease. All other parties disagree and instead propose open border policies and a trade deal with the EU to invest in the British economy. A Green Trade directive is passed, entering Britain into a green energy deal. The Democratic Unionist party maintains that focus should be on British industries, namely agriculture, to prioritize British interests, citizens, and jobs.

By: Ramsha Rehan

UNSC: South China Sea

The day began with resolutions to the previous issue of the environmental crisis, that of the oil spill in the South China Sea. A directive titled, “Save the Seas 2,” proposed by Malaysia, was passed; it entailed that oil-eating fungi would be distributed in the oil-contaminated areas to facilitate clean up of the region. The Netherlands has annexed Indonesia and taken over; Indonesia has made claims for wanting independence. A crisis update outlines that a Thai cargo ship (renamed as the ‘Rainbow Warrior 4’) has been hijacked by pirates, on the Strait of Malacca. The crew onboard is being held hostage, and if the demands of the pirates are not met, the entire crew will be executed. Crew members consist of citizens from Russia, China, Philippines, Netherlands, and Thailand. The demands revolve around the immediate retraction of the Netherlands from Indonesia and to hold the state accountable for war crimes in the ICJ. Committee attempts at a resolution were too vague, and the terrorists on board the Thai cargo vessel execute half the crew members. The Security Council attempt to amend the solution, either by responding to the demands of the terrorists or to apprehend the terrorists; no firm resolution is enacted.

By: Ramsha Rehan

Daily Report: Day 1

SOHCUM

The U.K moved on a motion to set populism as the agenda for SOHCUM. Germany offered their fellow nations a poignant reminder of the dangers posed by populism, by recounting its history. The common sentiment behind the repudiation of populism was the fear that it posed an attack on the foundation of civil society and democracy. Cuba and Ecuador critiqued this sentiment. Cuba did this by portraying the discussion as an attack on the sovereignty of countries; Ecuador expanded on this by calling populism a result of democracy, and therefore the popular will. Meanwhile, countries like Turkey felt the focus on populism was misplaced and the energy of nations can be better focused on helping workers. China proposed restrictions on the internet to combat populism, while Canada argued that higher levels of immigration can serve as an effective cure to populism.

By: Paras Kapoor

SPECPOL

The moderated caucus voted to address “Protectionism and the Future of International Trade”. The resulting debate was polarizing, with one group of countries denouncing free trade, while another set of countries mounted a vigorous defence of free trade. This divergence was epitomized by South Africa implying free trade to be equivalent to imperialism; the Netherlands, on the other hand, cast free trade as a tool that can be used by developing nations to further their economic growth. Malaysia, Vietnam and Cambodia called for an end to economic exploitation by western powers. A consensus developed among developing nations for the need to develop their own trade conflict resolution body. There was also talk of developing a system of tariffs that will punish any country which violated the rules of trade. The diversity of opinions witnessed in the discussion and the sharp divergence in vision will make it tough if not impossible for a common consensus to emerge.

By: Paras Kapoor

WHO

Delegates discussed various healthcare issues as well as strategies to implement universal health coverage. The UK suggested greater NGO involvement in healthcare, however, some countries were concerned about the effectiveness of NGOs and the possibility of corruption. The UK and other nations returned to their proposal of NGO involvement with a focus on recruiting NGOs with proven positive track records. Many delegates of developing nations emphasized the importance of improving infrastructure and collecting more accurate data on mortality rates and measures of health, especially in rural regions which are often overlooked. Delegates of Canada, Sierra Leone, Cuba, India, and the Czech Republic proposed the establishment of a worldwide database on the healthcare needs of different countries as a way to facilitate international collaboration. Another topic of debate was the effectiveness of private and public health care systems. Some developing nations such as Israel discussed concerns about private health care overshadowing public care, and failing to serve those in poverty. In contrast, Brazil pointed out the dangers of focusing too much on public health care which may lead to poor quality of care. Delegates drafted working papers on their approaches to UHC to be submitted tomorrow.

By: Hannah Nie

ACHPR

In the first session, delegates discussed the possibility of forming an African justice system and establishing a military force to protect human rights across Africa. Some delegates expressed concerns about possible threats that a united military may pose to countries' sovereignty. In the second session, Angola proposed the creation of a monetary lending system within all African nations to aid struggling nations such as Sudan, while keeping countries accountable for the money loaned. This idea was supported by Sudan and Botswana as a way for wealthier African nations to lend a hand in stabilizing the situation in Sudan and rejuvenating its economy after years of political and economic turmoil. Somalia and Ghana questioned the viability of this solution, concerned about countries' reliability in returning the loans, considering the fact that many African countries are already deeply in debt. South Africa and Cameroon brought up the need for political solutions, rather than purely economical solutions.

By: Hannah Nie

Constituent Assembly of Russia

Members of the Assembly began the day with a discussion surrounding federalism and the powers of the state, as opposed to the regions, which is a theme that would prevail throughout the two sessions. A crisis update regarding famine in one of the regions forced the delegates to come up with a solution, with it being decided that the regions could handle the crisis independently. The controversial topic of economic federalism and private business in the Soviet Union was brought up but sadly little deliberated upon. The day came to a close with a debate regarding the school curriculum and the dangers of suppression of cultural narratives, if it is federalized, versus the merits of a common narrative for the unification of the country. This spilled into the controversial debate over whether to educate minority ethnic groups which predictably, ended with indecision.

By: Radmila Yarovaya

CPSU

Throughout the day, members of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union grappled with maintaining the communist regime as it stood in light of the reforms enacted by Gorbachev. The problem of alcoholism was widely debated with Yakovlev proposing to start a propaganda campaign equating alcoholism with Western hedonism, Gorbachev suggesting cutting military spending in order to deal with the epidemic, and Akhromeyev positing the solution of establishing a cultural taboo on the practice. Gorbachev and Akhromeyev engaged in a heated debate over the need for reform and need to maintain a hard communist stance, with Marshal Akhromeyev asking the assembly if they even believed in the Soviet Union, saying that if they were truly committed then they would not hesitate to use propaganda to make the state seem like the most glorious nation on earth. A directive repealing Glasnost and spreading the propaganda that alcoholism leads to infertility was soon passed. The day ended with the succession of Estonia and rebellions in Ukraine, with Ligachev suggesting that starvation would be a good way to deal with the problems in order to achieve a communist utopia.

By: Radmila Yarovaya

Chamber of Commerce

The entrepreneurs and oligarchs of the Chamber of Commerce began their day with a debate on which standard to use for the currency that they were trying to establish - the gold standard or the floating standard, with Boris Berezovsky suggesting tying the currency to the US dollar so that the US would think twice before interfering with their economy. A directive regarding the enactment of a floating currency, backed by a newly created banking system, was soon passed. The new Rusous currency was created shortly thereafter. The day ended with the passing of the public directive Let’s Close the GAAP, which promised transparency and independent auditors to research structural and corruptive issues within the economy.

By: Radmila Yarovaya

Yeltsin's Cabinet

The delegates have formed four different political parties based on different ideologies and priorities for Russia's future. Topics of discussion included economic mobilization, foreign trade, democratization, and the presence of the Russian monarchy. Konstantin Alekseyevich Titov was elected as prime minister, and a cabinet was formed. The cabinet voted to pass public directives to make tax reforms and release a statement on intended healthcare reforms. Lukyanov and Yakunin devised a new tax system with three brackets, constituting corporate, income, and sales taxes. The level of taxation was adjusted regionally depending on the region's GDP, population, and industries. Tax revenues will be used to invest in agriculture in Russia's rural regions.

By: Hannah Nie

The Coalition for Independent States

All countries in the committee echoed the desire to declare independence from Russia. The main question for these countries was whether that was feasible. All countries, with the exception of Ukraine, faced food shortages as well as the threat of armed conflict with Russia. Questions were also raised about what their future relationship to the Soviet Union should be. The committee averted a food crisis by an agreement, whereby Ukraine agreed to supply food to countries in exchange for weapons and natural resources. Ukraine successfully declared independence, but it remains in a tense standoff with the Russian army and in the Sea of Asimov. The resolution #Legalizeit passed resulting in cannabis being legalized for medicinal usage. The session ended with a crisis update: a mass mobilization of troops by Russia has taken place along the Estonian border, with Russia speculated to launch a full-scale attack. The committee will have to make a choice, let Estonia fall or stand up collectively to combat Russian aggression.

By: Paras Kapoor

Coalition for Revolutionary Reform

The revolutionary reform explored issues relating to consolidation and fighting the war. To consolidate, discussions led to propaganda as a viable solution. Further, a ceasefire occurred in the city of Veracruz, with regards to fighting the war. Discussions with regards to foreign support involved utilizing external actors for financing, commercial goods, & arms. A crisis update occurred whereby the French & the American had invaded Veracruz, with the port controlled by the Germans. A directive with regards to fighting the war was discussed, stating that Pacho Villa & Francisco Madero planned on visiting the leaders in Veracruz for further discussions, with a focused discussion on resources available to offer.

By: Mustafa Master

Conference for Law & Order 

During the Conference for Law & Order, discussions were around revitalizing legitimacy in the people by focusing on tackling rebellious groups.

The Advisors discussed a directive on utilizing foreign troops from France, America, and Germany to protect railroads. Further, the Veracruz port has been leased to Germany before passing the directive. Pacho Villa captured said railroads. A crisis update occurred whereby the domestically owned farming states were taken over by the Maderistas, and another province was taken over by the rebels. Discussions led to solving the popular legitimacy and issues from the rebellions.

By: Mustafa Master

Frankophone

President Mitterand’s advisory committee has just learned of the fall of the Berlin Wall, and are tasked with determining France’s response to this monumental global event. There is some disarray within the committee about the best way to engage with this new German state in a way that also benefits the French government. This tension is heightened by intelligence threats from the USSR, with French spies potentially being compromised abroad. They are also debating how to handle protests in Prague against the Czechoslovakian regime, and need to determine whether military intervention is needed. They certainly do not want the US military intervening here. There are also talks of establishing a European military force to detach themselves from NATO.

Le comité de Mitterand a appris de la chute du mur de Berlin et doivent déterminer une réponse approprie de France. Il y a confusion à propos de comment gérer cette situation colossale pour le bien du peuple français. Cette tension est exacerbée par les menaces liées aux renseignements en URSS, avec les espions français potentiellement en danger. La comite débat aussi quoi faire à propos des protestations en Prague contre le régime tchécoslovaque et si l’intervention militaire sera nécessaire. Ils ne veulent certainement pas l’intervention américaine. On discute aussi un possible établissement d’une force militaire européen pour se détacher de OTAN.

By: Sarika Navanathan

ICJ 

The International Court of Justice commenced with opening statements from Australia and Japan, regarding the JARPA II program and its legality within the International Convention on Regulation of Whaling. The prime dispute the judges face - is it a scientific program or profit-driven commercialization? Australia’s demands were a declaration from Japan and an order to seize the implementation of JARPA II. Japan defended the purpose of the JARPA program and its legality under the convention and further promoted the scientific purpose of it. Succeeding stipulations and marking of evidence, Judges engaged in dialogue regarding the dispute by questioning and discussing the photographic & statistical evidence presented by Australia.

By: Mustafa Master

Ad Hoc

Who knows?

British House of Commons

The British House of Commons debates on trade deals with Norway and Canada regarding liquified natural gas, and the issues surrounding fracking and environmental pollution. Political parties are divided on whether to accept a deal from Canada on liquefied natural gas. The Democratic Unionist Party supports a deal with Canada, stating that it is part of the commonwealth and an ally. The Liberal Democrats, Conservatives, and the Independent Group for Change are against a deal with Canada, stating they want cleaner, environmentally friendly solutions. The directive to enter into a free trade agreement with Canada does not pass. A crisis update entails that a stalemate in the House to reach a deal on natural gas has resulted in a twelve-hour blackout, looting, excess crime, and civilian protests. A directive to institute Marshall Law, proposed by the Conservative Party, is passed in response to the social unrest.

By: Ramsha Rehan

UNSC: South China Sea

The committee began the day dealing with the issue of an oil rig explosion in the South China Sea. Tensions between China, Vietnam, Malaysia, and the Philippines have resulted in an international standoff. There is an impending environmental crisis, and the U.S., U.K., Netherlands and Brunei have passed a preliminary resolution, titled "Save the Turtles.” A crisis update outlined that the U.S had a ploy to start using propaganda, which was then shut down by Chinese services, and they have made a press release accusing the US of sending propaganda. The press release states that seven American spies have been posing as students at Beijing University and have been arrested. Hardliner politicians have demanded execution by firing squad of the foreign spies. China has responded saying the individuals will not be harmed, the U.S. remains skeptical. The environmental issue remains unresolved, though a few countries proposed the directive titled, “Environmental Regulations in the South China Sea.” This states that the nations of Malaysia, Australia, France, Vietnam, Singapore, Thailand, Philippines and the Netherlands will commit 0.3% of their GDP to NGOs to facilitate clean up of the oil spill.

By: Ramsha Rehan